Bee Kinds Range
Out-of 2009 to help you 2018, 192 bee types (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) had been caught in the Calanques Federal Playground thru each other websites and you will bowl pitfall selections. They belonged to six families and you may 38 genera. Megachilidae was one particular kinds-rich nearest and dearest, with Apidae and you may Halictidae, having 53, 44, and you can 43 varieties, correspondingly. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 is actually this new wealthiest genus, that have 33 varieties, while eight genera were portrayed from the only one species (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Table step 1 [online merely] ). Using the jackknife step 1 and dos indexes, the full bee kinds richness was projected becoming anywhere between ± 9.89 and you may ± . The new observed fullness therefore depicted 71.step three so you’re able to 79.6% of your estimated bee fullness ( Desk dos). The fresh Chao1 method estimated the fresh new seen fullness becoming 76.8% of one’s prospective limitation richness ( Table dos). By far the most numerous types is actually Apis mellifera L. (276 anyone), accompanied by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and 168 some one, respectively), and you may Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 people). Finally, fifty kinds (26%) had been represented from the singular individual (singletons).
Environment Attributes out-of Bees
Regarding your environmental faculties away from nesting tastes, i understood 59 single bee variety nesting above surface, ninety-five single bee kinds nesting below ground and you will 23 cleptoparasitic kinds, add up to 30.7, 47.9, and you may a dozen.0% of one’s total bee variety fullness, correspondingly. We imagined four public varieties (bumble bees and you will honey bees-2.1%). In the end, new nesting preferences out-of fourteen species are not familiar (eight.3%- Supp Desk step one [on the internet merely] ). About your floral diet from bee species, i discovered that 105 species (54.7%) foraged on the many bush types (we.e., generalist varieties, polylectic) and 51 variety (twenty six.5%) foraged on a single plant family members otherwise one/partners bush varieties (i.age., expert varieties, oligolectic). On remaining thirty six bee types (18.8%), the latest flowery eating plan was not identified (age.grams., to own cleptoparasitic types). Although not, most generalist varieties shown a preference for starters otherwise several bush parents ( Supp Table step 1 [online merely] ). Into the forty-two singletons, fourteen bee variety (28%) was in fact specialists, and you can nine bee kinds (18%) have been cleptoparasitic ( Supp Table step one [on the web merely] ).
A keen IUCN condition try designed for 178 varieties (leaving out the fresh variety complexes and you can unfamiliar species). One particular, 47 varieties have been categorized as the investigation lacking (DD-26.4%), 124 varieties was basically the very least concerned (LC-69.6%), half a dozen varieties was near threatened (NT-3.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you can L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), and something species are noticed endangered (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Desk step one [on line simply] ). About three oligolectic types was in fact among the many 7 endangered bee types. An effective. ovatula and you can C. albomaculatus was professionals towards the Fabaceae, D. argentata is a professional towards the Caprifoliaceae.
Off 2009 in order to 2018, 38 species of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) have been stuck within the Calanques National Playground. It belonged so you’re able to twenty-four genera ( Supp Table dos [on charmdate login the web simply] ). More numerous genera was Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 some body), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 some one), and Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de- Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville into the Latreille, 1828 (thirteen some one), while 20 kinds (53%) were portrayed by the just one private ( Supp Dining table dos [on the web only] ). The bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) was in fact portrayed because of the 20 kinds, together with four singletons (25%) ( Supp Desk step three [on the web merely] ). The fresh new estimation regarding full species fullness out of hover flies and bee flies try ranging from 83 and 97 varieties utilizing the jackknife 1 and you may 2 spiders, respectively. Therefore, the fresh seen richness portrayed 59.8–69.9% of projected hover travel and you can bee fly richness ( Table dos).